Superinfection of a person already infected with hbv carrier causes more rapid, severe progression than coinfection shorter arrow. We use your linkedin profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. Chronic infections can lead to liver failure with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Often loses its effectiveness against the hepatitis b virus. Deltavirus d requires the presence of hepatitis b virus hbv infection. Sep 09, 2019 hepatitis b candice robinson, md, mph, communications and education branch ceb, immunization services division isd, national center for immunization and respiratory diseases ncird download recording right click zip file to save this is a rerecording of the original event. In the case of hepatitis b, it can take a full four months for symptoms to fully resolve. It is transmitted through contact with infected blood and semen. Get started right now by watching this free video presentation. It is a major public health issue in the united states and worldwide. The immunization action coalition s iac comprehensive guidebook hepatitis b.
Hav hepatitis a virus antihbc hepatitis b core antibody antihbe hepatitis b eantibody antihbs hepatitis b surface antibody hbeag hepatitis b eantigen hbig hepatitis b immune globulin hbv hepatitis b virus hbsag hepatitis b surface antigen hcc hepatocellular carcinoma hcp healthcare provider hcv hepatitis c virus hev hepatitis e virus. Hepatitis b virus hbv infects more than 300 million people worldwide and is a common cause of liver disease and liver cancer. Causes, symptoms, and treatment medical news today. Many people have no symptoms during the initial infection. The book breaks new ground as a policy and best practices guide for newborn hepatitis b. In acute infection, some may develop a rapid onset of sickness with vomiting, yellowish skin, tiredness, dark urine and abdominal pain. It has been shown that tenofovir treatment, a potent na. Consequences of hepatitis b and delta virus infection figure 6615. One of the older hepatitis b drugs, so a lot is known about its safety. In adults, hepatitis b infection is most commonly selflimiting, with less than 5% progressing to chronic state, and 20 to 30% of those chronically infected developing cirrhosis or liver cancer. They are very microscopic, you need a very enhanced microscope to even see a glance of them here are some photos of hepatitis on food.
The perinatal hepatitis b prevention program phbpp was established in 1990 by cdc. Worldwide, most people with hepatitis b were infected with the virus as an infant. Acute hepatitis b definition acute hepatitis b is an infectious disease caused by hepatitis b virus, which developes within 6 months after entering virus to the organizm. This left 108 72% discarded cases with no alternative aetiology. Surveillance for viral hepatitis united states, 2017. Machinelearning based patient classification using hepatitis. Jun 12, 2017 the incubation period of hepatitis a virus hav is 27 weeks average, 28 days. Treatment cessation of entecavir in asian patients with hepatitis b e antigen negative chronic hepatitis b. The best known example of a hepatitis flare in relation to drug therapy is the one. Hepatitis e is usually acute but can be particularly dangerous in. Hepatitis ppt free download as powerpoint presentation. Hepatitis b and hepatitis c are the most common types of viral hepatitis in the united states, and can cause serious health problems, including liver failure and liver cancer. Hepatitis b is a viral infection that causes liver inflammation and damage.
Often these symptoms last a few weeks and rarely does. The introduction of potent nucleostide analogues nas to suppress viral replication represented a giant leap in the control of this disease. Hepatitis a is an acute infection that can result in mild illness or be severe enough to result in hospitalization or, in rare cases, death. Summary hepadnaviruses hepatitis b viruses cause transient and chronic infections of the liver. Disease has symptomatic with jaundice and without jaundice and asymptomatic course.
It usually results from exposure to a virus, but there are also nonviral forms of the disease, including hepatitis brought on by the use of certain drugs, alcohol abuse, and autoimmune disease. In this notes area of the powerpoint, each slide contains the title with the variables selected, some contextual. It can cause scarring of the organ, liver failure, and cancer. In this notes area of the powerpoint, each slide contains the title with the variables selected, some contextual information, and links to additional data and information on the topic. Unlike some forms of hepatitis, hepatitis b is also not. National viral hepatitis action plan for 20172020 action plan uses this knowledge and these tools to prevent new infections, improve the lives of people living with viral hepatitis, and chart a course toward elimination of these public health threats. Most adults infected with hepatitis b are able to fight off the virus and fully recover from the infection within a couple of months. Several therapeutic regimens have been developed in the past years, among which oral. Hepatitis b virus hbv, the causative agent of b type hepatitis in humans, is the type member of the hepadnaviridae, hepatotropic dna viruses that replicate via reverse transcription. Hbv, a member of the hepadnaviridae family, is a small dna virus with unusual features similar to retroviruses. Pathogenesis, natural history, treatment, and prevention. A few examples of complications of chronic hepatitis include a buildup of scar tissue on the liver severe fibrosis, cirrhosis, liver cancer, and liver failure. Division of viral hepatitis scientific staff were asked to highlight some of the most important acute viral hepatitis data.
Hepatitis b virus hbv is a doublestranded dna virus belonging to the family of hepadnaviruses. Hepatitis a is always an acute, shortterm disease, while hepatitis b, c, and d are most likely to become ongoing and chronic. Slides on the management of patients with chronic hepatitis b. A novel hepatitis b virus hbv genetic element with rev response elementlike properties that is essential for expression of hbv gene products. Hepatitis b is a serious and common infectious diseases of the liver, affecting millions of people throughout the world. What hospitals need to do to protect newborns is a complete resource for helping hospitals and birthing centers establish, implement, and optimize their birth dose policies. In rare cases, it can be spread through unprotected sex and injecting drugs. Hepatitis is a disease caused by inflammation of the liver.
Hepatitis b is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis b virus hbv that affects the liver. Not only does viral hepatitis carry a high morbidity, but it also stresses medical resources. This is known as chronic hepatitis b, and can lead to cirrhosis and. Robbie ferrand here are some pictures of the hepatitis virus up close. More discarded cases tested positive for hepatitis b infection 17142, 12% compared to confirmed cases 396, 3. Listed below are several additional links to web sites applicable to the case. In some instances the information is the same or similar to what you have already seen, but may be presented in a different style or format. Hepatitis b virus rna element that facilitates accumulation of surface gene transcripts in the cytoplasm. Characterization of the viral genome and the structures and functions.
Hepatitis d is a defective virus that requires hepatitis b to replicate and is only found with hepatitis b coinfection. Dec 11, 2019 chronic infection with hepatitis b virus hbv is a major risk factor for the development of advanced liver disease including fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma hcc. Although the disease cannot be cured effectively, disease management has been improved over the past decade. Hepatitis b is the only sexually transmitted infection for which there is a protective vaccine.
A large outbreak of hepatitis e virus genotype 1 infection. May 11, 2017 tenofovir alafenamide af vemlidy, an oral prodrug of tenofovir, was developed to optimize the antiviral potency and clinical safety of the active moiety tenofovir diphosphate selective reverse transcriptase nucleotide inhibitor. Presentation on viral hepatitis powerpoint 20 download. The replication strategy of these viruses has been described in great detail, but virushost interactions. Chronic hepatitis b virus hbv infection is a dynamic state of interactions. The risk of hepatitis b virus infection by transfusion in. Many viruses cause infections that can be spread from person to person. Rapid advances in the management of patients with hepatitis b virus hbv or hepatitis c virus hcv have occurred during the past several years with the availability of new treatment options and continued clinical research, making it possible for medical practitioners to improve outcomes for infected patients. Rna viruses rna viruses 6 28 7 7 7 26 26 26 hepatitis a virus hepatitis b virus hepatitis b virus hepatitis b virus is unusual among animal viruses in that.
Whoeurope presentation on viral hepatitis powerpoint. Hbv clinical management international association of providers of. Hepatitis b virus biology microbiology and molecular. Hepatitis b diagnosis and management an update slideshare. The residual risk of posttransfusion hbv infection has been calculated by several groups in the united states and germany on the basis of hbv incidence data and the duration of the early window period until hbsag becomes detectable to be 1. Hepatitis b training presentation for health workers. Two discarded cases also tested positive for hepatitis c, two tested positive for west nile virus infection and one for rift valley fever infection. Some subjects have been followed for up to 9 months. Machinelearning based patient classification using.
Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Chronic hepatitis b virus hbv infection is a global public health issue. Hepatitis b medical powerpoint presentation youtube. The goal of the texas perinatal hepatitis b summit is to bring those with information and expertise on this issue together to share, discuss, and recommend strategies to prevent and decrease the incidence of hepatitis b transmission, and improve the care of those at risk for perinatal hepatitis b. Hepatitis b session 12 centers for disease control. Hepatitis b virus hbv infection is a worldwide disease associated with. You may print the slides onto overhead transparencies if you do not have powerpoint. Mar 15, 2003 the prevalence of hepatitis b virus hbv chronic carriage in subsaharan africa ranges between 3% and 22% in blood donors. Rapid advances in the management of patients with hepatitis b virus hbv or hepatitis c virus hcv have occurred during the past several years with the availability of new treatment options and continued clinical research, making it possible for medical.
But most people infected as children develop a longterm infection. Roughly one third of the global population has been infected with hbv, and approximately 350 million are chronic carriers. Hepatitis b is an infection of the liver caused by the hepatitis b virus hbv. Chronic hepatitis b virus chb infection is one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma hcc worldwide. Not only does viral hepatitis carry a high morbidity, but it also stresses medical resources and can have severe economic consequences. Hbv replicates through an rna intermediate and can integrate into the host genome. Hepatitis a has been a vaccine preventable disease since the hepatitis a vaccine first became available in 1995.
Hepatitis b virus hbv, the causative agent of btype hepatitis in humans, is the type member of the hepadnaviridae, hepatotropic dna viruses that replicate via reverse transcription. Transient infections run a course of several months, and chronic infections are often lifelong. Your liver helps your body digest the food you eat and store energy. Ppt hepatitis b virus powerpoint presentation free to. Hepatitis b candice robinson, md, mph, communications and education branch ceb, immunization services division isd, national center for immunization and respiratory diseases ncird download recording right click zip file to save this is a rerecording of the original event. The severe pathological consequences of persistent hbv infections include the development of chronic hepatic insufficiency, cirrhosis and hepato cellular carcinoma hcc. Frequency and load of hepatitis b virus dna in firsttime.
Inflammation is swelling that occurs when tissues of the body become injured or infected. Hepatitis b is a germ virus that gets into your body and attacks your liver. Clinical symptoms then develop, often with a presentation similar to that of gastroenteritis or a viral respiratory infection. Ppt hepatitis b virus powerpoint presentation free to download id. Offtherapy durability of response to entecavir therapy in hepatitis b e antigennegative chronic hepatitis b patients. Table 3 factors in the disease outcome with chronic hepatitis b 10.
Hepatitis b session 12 centers for disease control and. The incubation period of hepatitis a virus hav is 27 weeks average, 28 days. Mar 15, 2017 chronic hepatitis b virus hbv infection is a global public health issue. However, due to aggressive vaccination plans, screening of blood products, and antiviral therapy, hepatitis b is now mainly a disease of the developing world.
Hepatitis b medical powerpoint presentation medicaldump. Those at risk for getting hepatitis b should get vaccinated. Many patients with chb have variable degrees of functional renal impairment, and approximately 2 to 15% of patients on hemodialysis have chb. Seroprevalence of hepatitis e virus in autoimmune hepatitis patients in the netherlands. Usually does not result in longterm chronic infection. Hbsag and antihbs, hbeag and antihbe, and antihbc igm and igg. The book breaks new ground as a policy and best practices guide for newborn hepatitis b immunization. In two identically designed, ongoing, multinational trials in treatmentnaive and experienced adult patients with hepatitis b e antigen hbeagpositive or. May 09, 2017 hepatitis a is always an acute, shortterm disease, while hepatitis b, c, and d are most likely to become ongoing and chronic. The prevalence of hepatitis b virus hbv chronic carriage in subsaharan africa ranges between 3% and 22% in blood donors. Jake liang liver diseases section, national institute of diabetes and digestive and kidney diseases niddk, national institutes of health nih, bethesda, maryland. The adobe flash plugin is needed to view this content. Most people who get hepatitis b can get rid of the virus on their own, but others can develop chronic hepatitis b. Hepatitis b virus is a partly doublestranded dna virus with several serological markers.
Orientation and trainings have been provided to coordinators in the past in various formats and venues. Chronic infection with hepatitis b virus hbv is a major risk factor for the development of advanced liver disease including fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma hcc. Impact of comorbidities on the severity of chronic hepatitis b at presentation. Its a common infection worldwide and is usually spread from infected pregnant women to their babies, or from childtochild contact. It has been shown that tenofovir treatment, a potent na, complements. In a preliminary study, carriers of hepatitis b virus were treated with a preparation of the plant phyllanthus amarus for 30 days. Reaching all children with at least 3 doses of hepatitis b vaccine should be the standard for all national immunization programmes. The many millions of people around the world who become hbv carriers are a constant source.
This series will combine aspects of both training on the epidemiology of hepatitis b virus and orientation to the phbhpp in a webbased format. Introduction viral hepatitis, refers to infections that affect the liver and are caused by viruses. Progressive inflammation of the liver can have severe and even lifethreatening repercussions. Hepatitis b is a viral infection transmissible through the exchange of various bodily fluids. Whoeurope presentation on viral hepatitis powerpoint 20. Hepatitis b virus infection is a major public health problem worldwide. Might be helpful in treating hiv coinfection in combination with tenofovir. Dec 25, 2012 hepatitis b medical powerpoint presentation medicaldump. Several therapeutic regimens have been developed in the past years, among which oral nucleoside.
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